young



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W. H. YOUNG.

PIPE ORGAN.

Patented Feb. 13,1883.

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T: y P ZtfW 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. H. YOUNG.

PIPE ORGAN.

Patented Feb. 13, 1883.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WI LLIAM H.

PIPE-ORGAN SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 272,181, dated February 13, 1853.

Application tiled November 7, 1882.

To all whom it may concern I.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. YOUNG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Wilinington, in the county of New Castle and State Of Delaware, have invented certain new and uselul Improvements in Organs,ot which the following is a specification.reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

Figure l is a vertical section of an organ embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a view showing the relative positionsof the levers between the valves under the pipes and the i5 trackers under the respective keys. Fig. 4 is a detail view in section, showing the method of connecting the levers and the valves in different tiers. Fig. 5 is a view on an enlarged scale of the valves, their packing, and the 2c parts of the levers in immediate proximity thereto. a

The end pieces of the casing are represented by A A. The keys of the key-board by O. Un- 4 der the key-board there is a space or chamber, D, between the key-board and the lower edge of the organ, and in this space I arrange the feeders E and the reservoir. The width of the bellows constructed of these parts is equal to the inside diameter of the case. The feeders c and reservoirs are situated upon opposite sides of a transverse inclined partition, G, the lower end of which is connected with the wind-chest,

and the upper edge of which is supported in any suitable manner in the casing under the front edge of the key-board.

H represents the pedals, which are connected by flexible cord or strap 1 with the movable boards J of the feeders, the cords pass ing over rollers K below the front ends of the .0 keys. The said feeders and reservoir have in lieu of ribs a flexible air-tight membrane connecting their movable parts with the partition G to inclose theirinterior. The boards J are returned by means of springs L, and the movable boards M of the reservoir are pressed by a swallow-tailed steel spring or springs N to force out the Wind. From the reservoir the wind passesinto the wind-chestO. This windchest is situated at the very bottom of the organ and extends the full length thereof.

By examining Figs. 2 and 3 the method of (No model.)

arranging the pipes will be readily understood. It will be seen from these figures that thereis great latitude for choosing a suitable position for any pipe. As the smaller pipes require less space or speaking-room around them, they are prelerably placed above one end of the wind-chest in a proximity to each other proportional to their size, so that there is left a large area in which to plant the larger pipes and give them sufficient room, as will be readily understood by examining said figures. The pipes areprovided with feet, which are mounted on the wind-chest.as shown in Fig. 4. Below the upper wall, P, of the wind-chest are situated the valves 0. Each valve is formed of a wooden block, B, with a leather packing, S, and a leatherjoint, T, wherewith the block is fastened to a lever, U. The levers oscillate vertically about fulcrums formed for them on cross bars or rods V, glued to the under side of the upper wall, I, of the wind-chest. Preferably the pipes which produce the upper or treble tones are arranged, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3-nainel v, so that one-half of theni shall be farther in rear than the other half and arranged on alternate lines running transversely across the wind-chest. Therefore long levers Uand shortlevers U are arranged alternately, all having their front ends situated on sub stantially the same line, but the levers U extending to the rear valves and the shorter levers U to the front-valves. The pipes producing intermediate tones are arranged at the other end of the wind-chest, as shown in the aforesaid figures, and thelevers are preferably mounted on lines oblique to the front of the wind-chest, so as to bring them below their ap propriate keys. However, I do not limit myself to the exact arrangement of pipes shown, for my construction and arrangementof parts are such that the pipes can be located at will to provide sufficient speaking-room.

From thekeys ()Oextend directly downward the tracker-rods which are respectively attached to their appropriate levers.

Over the extreme. rear part of the wind-chest are mounted the wooden stopped pipes X X. They are arranged on horizontal lines, the shortest at the bottom and the longest at the top.

Y Y represent the feet of these wooden basspipes, extending from the wind-chest to their YOUNG, OF WILMIIYGTON, DELANARE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO BERNARD MAGMAOKIN, ()F SAHE PLACE.

respective pipes, the shorter pipeshavingshorter feet and the longer pipes longer ones. The lower ends of the feet of these wooden basspipes are closed by valves Q Q, substantially similar to the valves Q for the upright pipes. These valves Q are opened by levers U U extending across the lower end of the wind-chest to their respective tracker-rods, which are situated in substantially the same plane as those above described for the levers UU of the upright pipes. As the wind-chest is an open chamber adapted to have all of the pipes rest directly upon its upper surface, and to have the valves respectively below the feet of the pipes, the lattercan be arranged at any suitable point, for the levers can be inclined in any direction relatively to the longitudinal line of the keyboard, and yet have their forward ends all lie in the same vertical plane. Any key can be arranged to sound any pipe by nieansofa valve working in a. vertical plane other than that of said key.

- From the above description it will be seen that Inot only retain the advantages incident to the long feet for large pipes, but also gain very much space for the same, in thatI arrange many more of the large bass-pipes in a given horizontal area than can be so arranged when the pipes are planted vertically. However, I do not claim broadly to be the first to have arranged pipes in a pipe-organ on horizontal lines; but I believe myself to be the first to have arranged a series of bass stopped pipes in the manner which I have shown relatively to the wind-chest and to the vertical or standing pipes. Heretofore, when the basspipes have been arranged horizontally in a vertical series, they have been supplied with airthrough channel-boardssituated at an angle to the series of pipes. Much inconvenience is experienced from the use of such air conveying or feeding devices, and I provide a much simpler arrangement by placing the stopped ends in substantially the same vertical line and in conveying air to the several pipes by means of separate tubes, all arranged within the longitudinal vertical planes of the bass-pipes.

It will be seen, further, that by arranging the wind-chest at the'i ery bottom and the feeders and reservoirs in the space below the keyboard I not only enlarge the capacity of the bellows, but at the same time arrange the organ as a whole within much less compass than has heretofore been required. Again, by constructing the wind-chest in the manner I have shown and described, I avoid the great cost and complexity of the ordinary chests having grooves or channels. My chest consists merely of a rectangular flat box, requiring nothing permanently attached to its interior but a few simple strips of wood to serve as fulcrums for the levers. The valves are simple and cheap in construction, and, when made and arranged in the manner described, they may be connected with their levers in the inexpensive and simple way above mentioned.

I have devised a simple spring for the valves and valve-level". It is shown at U and is constructed of a piece of. wire, of which one end is inserted into the Wall of the wind-chest and the other is connected with the valve or the valve lever. Preferably they are constructed of piano steel wire. When it is desired to thus have access to the inside of the wind-chest it is only necessary to tip the organ back upon the rear part of the casing, and then the bottom board can be easily removed.

The bottom P of the wind-chest is secured to the other portions by means of removable screws or other removable fastening devices, so that this bottom part can be readily removed for convenient access to the mechanism inside of the wind-chest in case ofderangement, or for other purposes.

A diaphragm, a, off-buckskin, is placed over the aperture for each tracker'rod through the soundboard P. This diaphragm is flexible, and prevents the escape of air from the chest, operating more efficiently than the diaphragms of other materials that have been heretofore employed.

In this case I do not claim anything but what is specifically set forth in the following claims, but reserve to myself the right to claim the other features which I have shown and described in another application of which this is a division.

What I claim is- 1. In a pipe-organ, the combination, with the wind-chest, situated at the bottom, of the herein-described bellows, consisting of a par tition, Q, projecting diagonally upward from the wind-chest and provided with a reservoir, and feeders hinged on the sides of said partition, substantially as set forth.

2. In a pipe-organ, the combination, with the wind-chest, situated at the bottom, of the bass-pipes, situated above the wind-chest and arranged horizontally in a vertical row with the smaller at the bottom and the larger successively above them, and the feet of said bass-pipes arranged to lie within the vertical planes of said bass-pipes, substantially as set forth.

3. In a pipe-organ, a row of stopped basspipes arranged horizontally one above the- 

